To get an idea of the actual size of what we found, we can compute a new statistic called an effect size. This is very similar to our formula for z, but we no longer take into account the sample s...To get an idea of the actual size of what we found, we can compute a new statistic called an effect size. This is very similar to our formula for z, but we no longer take into account the sample size (since overly large samples can make it too easy to reject the null). Obviously values can fall in between these guidelines, so we should use our best judgment and the context of the problem to make our final interpretation of size.