This chapter focuses on creating new variables and producing summary statistics using the 2018 Part 1 crime data from Pennsylvania's Uniform Crime Report. It explains the distinction between Part 1 (s...This chapter focuses on creating new variables and producing summary statistics using the 2018 Part 1 crime data from Pennsylvania's Uniform Crime Report. It explains the distinction between Part 1 (serious) and Part 2 (less serious) crimes and the limitations of the UCR due to underreporting. The chapter guides how to manipulate data in R, including renaming variables, calculating crime rates, and categorizing cities by population.
This page introduces the t-test, a statistical tool used to compare the means of two groups, and explains its use in examining differences in continuous data. Two types of t-tests are discussed: indep...This page introduces the t-test, a statistical tool used to compare the means of two groups, and explains its use in examining differences in continuous data. Two types of t-tests are discussed: independent-samples t-test, for comparing distinct groups, and paired-samples t-test, for comparing the same group over time. The context used involves assessing the impact of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) programs on inmates' antisocial attitudes.
