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- https://stats.libretexts.org/Courses/Fresno_City_College/Book%3A_Business_Statistics_Customized_(OpenStax)/09%3A_Hypothesis_Testing_with_One_Sample/9.02%3A_Null_and_Alternative_HypothesesThe actual test begins by considering two hypotheses. They are called the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. These hypotheses contain opposing viewpoints.
- https://stats.libretexts.org/Courses/Fresno_City_College/Math_11%3A_Elementary_Statistics/08%3A_Testing_Hypotheses/8.01%3A_The_Elements_of_Hypothesis_TestingA hypothesis about the value of a population parameter is an assertion about its value. As in the introductory example we will be concerned with testing the truth of two competing hypotheses, only one...A hypothesis about the value of a population parameter is an assertion about its value. As in the introductory example we will be concerned with testing the truth of two competing hypotheses, only one of which can be true.
- https://stats.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Applied_Statistics/Business_Statistics_(OpenStax)/09%3A_Hypothesis_Testing_with_One_Sample/9.03%3A_One-Sample_TestThis page covers hypothesis testing for population means and proportions, detailing the use of normal and Student's \(t\)-distributions, calculation of test statistics (Z-values), and decision-making ...This page covers hypothesis testing for population means and proportions, detailing the use of normal and Student's \(t\)-distributions, calculation of test statistics (Z-values), and decision-making based on critical values and p-values. It emphasizes the bias towards the null hypothesis, discusses one-tailed and two-tailed tests, and outlines a systematic approach for hypothesis testing, including the importance of sample size and the appropriate distribution based on known standard deviation.
- https://stats.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Statistics/Introductory_Statistics_(Shafer_and_Zhang)/08%3A_Testing_Hypotheses/8.01%3A_The_Elements_of_Hypothesis_TestingA hypothesis about the value of a population parameter is an assertion about its value. As in the introductory example we will be concerned with testing the truth of two competing hypotheses, only one...A hypothesis about the value of a population parameter is an assertion about its value. As in the introductory example we will be concerned with testing the truth of two competing hypotheses, only one of which can be true.
- https://stats.libretexts.org/Courses/Fresno_City_College/Introduction_to_Business_Statistics_-_OER_-_Spring_2023/09%3A_Hypothesis_Testing_with_One_Sample/9.04%3A_Distribution_Needed_for_Hypothesis_TestingThe horizontal axis of the bottom panel is labeled \(Z\) and is the standard normal distribution. \(Z_{\frac{\alpha}{2}}\) and \(-Z_{\frac{\alpha}{2}}\), called the critical values, are marked on the ...The horizontal axis of the bottom panel is labeled \(Z\) and is the standard normal distribution. \(Z_{\frac{\alpha}{2}}\) and \(-Z_{\frac{\alpha}{2}}\), called the critical values, are marked on the bottom panel as the \(Z\) values associated with the probability the analyst has set as the level of significance in the test, (\(\alpha\)).
- https://stats.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Statistics/OpenIntro_Statistics_(Diez_et_al)./04%3A_Foundations_for_Inference/4.04%3A_Hypothesis_TestingHypothesis testing involves the formulate two hypothesis to test against the measured data: (1) The null hypothesis often represents either a skeptical perspective or a claim to be tested and (2) The ...Hypothesis testing involves the formulate two hypothesis to test against the measured data: (1) The null hypothesis often represents either a skeptical perspective or a claim to be tested and (2) The alternative hypothesis represents an alternative claim under consideration and is often represented by a range of possible parameter values. The skeptic will not reject the null hypothesis, unless the evidence in favor of the alternative hypothesis is so strong to rejects the null hypothesis.
- https://stats.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Statistics/Statistics_Through_an_Equity_Lens_(Anthony)/01%3A_Chapters/1.05%3A_Significance_of_Statistical_Inference_MethodsThis chapter explores inferential statistics, focusing on concepts such as confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, and errors in statistical inference. It emphasizes the importance of understanding ...This chapter explores inferential statistics, focusing on concepts such as confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, and errors in statistical inference. It emphasizes the importance of understanding sampling variations and discusses tests like t-tests and chi-square tests. It also touches on the misuse of statistics in scientific racism, emphasizing the need for socially just statistical methods. The chapter links statistical inference to broader societal issues.
- https://stats.libretexts.org/Courses/Saint_Mary's_College_Notre_Dame/BFE_1201_Statistical_Methods_for_Finance_(Kuter)/07%3A_Hypothesis_Testing/7.02%3A_Null_and_Alternative_HypothesesThe actual test begins by considering two hypotheses. They are called the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. These hypotheses contain opposing viewpoints.
- https://stats.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Statistics/Book%3A_Visual_Statistics_Use_R_(Shipunov)/05%3A_Two-Dimensional_Data_-_Differences/5.01%3A_What_is_a_statistical_testPhilosophers postulated that science can never prove a theory, but only disprove it. If we collect 1000 facts that support a theory, it does not mean we have proved it—it is possible that the 1001st p...Philosophers postulated that science can never prove a theory, but only disprove it. If we collect 1000 facts that support a theory, it does not mean we have proved it—it is possible that the 1001st piece of evidence will disprove it. This is why in statistical testing we commonly use two hypotheses. The one we are trying to prove is called the alternative hypothesis (H₁). The other, default one, is called the null hypothesis (H₀).
- https://stats.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Applied_Statistics/Business_Statistics_(OpenStax)/09%3A_Hypothesis_Testing_with_One_Sample/9.01%3A_Null_and_Alternative_HypothesesThe actual test begins by considering two hypotheses. They are called the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. These hypotheses contain opposing viewpoints.
- https://stats.libretexts.org/Courses/Fresno_City_College/Book%3A_Business_Statistics_Customized_(OpenStax)/09%3A_Hypothesis_Testing_with_One_Sample/9.04%3A_Distribution_Needed_for_Hypothesis_TestingThe horizontal axis of the bottom panel is labeled \(Z\) and is the standard normal distribution. \(Z_{\frac{\alpha}{2}}\) and \(-Z_{\frac{\alpha}{2}}\), called the critical values, are marked on the ...The horizontal axis of the bottom panel is labeled \(Z\) and is the standard normal distribution. \(Z_{\frac{\alpha}{2}}\) and \(-Z_{\frac{\alpha}{2}}\), called the critical values, are marked on the bottom panel as the \(Z\) values associated with the probability the analyst has set as the level of significance in the test, (\(\alpha\)).
