8.12: References
- Page ID
- 64308
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Abrams, Karen, and Fanying Kong. 2012. “The Variables Most Closely Associated with Academic Achievement: A Review of the Research Literature.” Progressive Research Institute of Nebraska. https://static1.squarespace.com/stat...+Sept+2012.pdf
Bowley, Arthur Lyon. 1906. “Address to the Economic Science and Statistics Section of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, York, 1906.” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 69, no. 3, 540–558. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2397-2335.1906.tb02334.x
Condron, Dennis J., Daniel Tope, Christina R. Steidl, and Kendralin J. Freeman. 2013. “Racial Segregation and the Black/White Achievement Gap, 1992 to 2009.” The Sociological Quarterly 54, no. 1, 130–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/tsq.12010
Gershenfeld, Susan, Denice Ward Hood, and Min Zhan. 2016. “The Role of First-Semester GPA in Predicting Graduation Rates of Underrepresented Students.” Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice 17, no. 4, 469–488. https://doi.org/10.1177/1521025115579251
Glasser, Allison M., Nathaniel Onnen, Peter F. Craigmile, Elli Schwartz, and Megan E. Roberts. 2022. “Associations Between Disparities in Tobacco Retailer Density and Disparities in Tobacco Use.” Preventive Medicine 154, 106910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106910
Greer, Tawanda M., Adrian Laseter, and David Asiamah. 2009. “Gender as a Moderator of the Relation Between Race-Related Stress and Mental Health Symptoms for African Americans.” Psychology of Women Quarterly 33, no. 3, 295–307. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2009.01502.x
Henry, Daphne A., Laura Betancur Cortés, and Elizabeth Votruba-Drzal. 2020. “Black–White Achievement Gaps Differ by Family Socioeconomic Status from Early Childhood Through Early Adolescence.” Journal of Educational Psychology 112, no. 8, 1471–1489. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000439
Ingels, S. J., D. J. Pratt, J. E. Rogers, P. H. Siegel, and E. S. Stutts. 2004. Education Longitudinal Study of 2002: Base Year Data File User's Manual. NCES 2004-405. National Center for Education Statistics. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED484410.pdf
Jay, Gina M., and Anthony R. D’Augelli. 1991. “Social Support and Adjustment to University Life: A Comparison of African-American and White Freshmen.” Journal of Community Psychology 19, no. 2, 95–108. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(199104)19:2<95::AID-JCOP2290190202>3.0.CO;2-2
Lorah, Julie, and Edwin Ndum. 2013. “Trends in Achievement Gaps in First-Year College Courses for Racial/Ethnic, Income, and Gender Subgroups: A 12-Year Study.” ACT Research Report Series 8. ACT Inc. https://www.act.org/content/dam/act/...T_RR2013-8.pdf
Mannan, Golam, Lillian Charleston, and Behrooz Saghafi. 1986. “A Comparison of the Academic Performance of Black and White Freshman Students on an Urban Commuter Campus.” The Journal of Negro Education 55, no. 2, 155–161. https://doi.org/10.2307/2294878
Miksic, Mai. 2014. The Persistent Achievement Gaps in American Education. CUNY Institute for Education Policy. https://www.researchgate.net/profile...-Education.pdf
Nettles, Michael T., A. Robert Thoeny, and Erica J. Gosman. 1986. “Comparative and Predictive Analyses of Black and White Students’ College Achievement and Experiences.” The Journal of Higher Education 57, no. 3, 289–318. https://doi.org/10.2307/1981554
Oguntunde, Pelumi E., Hilary I. Okagbue, Omoleye A. Oguntunde, Abiodun A. Opanuga, and Sola J. Oluwatunde. 2018. “Analysis of the Inter-Relationship Between Students’ First Year Results and Their Final Graduating Grades.” International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences 5, no. 10, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2018.10.001
Olneck, Michael. 2005. “Economic Consequences of the Academic Achievement Gap for African Americans.” Marquette Law Review 89, 95. https://scholarship.law.marquette.ed.../vol89/iss1/8/
Paige, Rod, and Elaine Witty. 2010. The Black-White Achievement Gap. Amacom. https://www.google.com/books/edition...MsR3VtMC?hl=en
Sato T., T. Ito, T. Hirano, O. Morita, R. Kikuchi, N. Endo, and N. Tanabe. 2011. “Low Back Pain in Childhood and Adolescence: Assessment of Sports Activities.” European Spine Journal 20, 94–99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-010-1485-8
Spenner, Kenneth I., Claudia Buchmann, and Lawrence R. Landerman. 2004. “The Black–White Achievement Gap in the First College Year: Evidence from a New Longitudinal Case Study.” Research in Social Stratification and Mobility 22, 187–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0276-5624(04)22007-8
Stephan, F. F. 1948. “History of the Uses of Modern Sampling Procedures.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 43, no. 241, 12–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1948.10483247
Student. 1908. “The Probable Error of a Mean.” Biometrika 6, no. 1, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.2307/2331554